Discovery of the Seven-ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cyanocoronene (C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>11</sub>CN) in GOTHAM Observations of TMC-1
Gabi Wenzel, Siyuan Gong, Ci Xue, P. Bryan Changala, Martin Holdren, Thomas H. Speak, D. Archie Stewart, Zachary T. P. Fried, Reace H. J. Willis, Edwin A. Bergin, Andrew M. Burkhardt, Alex N. Byrne, Steven B. Charnley, Andrew Lipnicky, Ryan A. Loomis, Christopher N. Shingledecker, Ilsa R. Cooke, Michael McCarthy, Anthony J. Remijan, Alison E. Wendlandt, Brett A. McGuire
Abstract
Abstract We present the synthesis and laboratory rotational spectroscopy of the seven-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) cyanocoronene (C 24 H 11 CN) using a laser-ablation-assisted cavity-enhanced Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. A total of 71 transitions were measured and assigned between 6.8 and 10.6 GHz. Using these assignments, we searched for emission from cyanocoronene in the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) Observations of TMC-1: Hunting Aromatic Molecules project observations of the cold dark molecular cloud TMC-1 using the 100 m GBT. We detect a number of individually resolved transitions in ultrasensitive X -band observations and perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to derive best-fit parameters, including a total column density of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>24</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>11</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.6</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.23</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.26</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">cm</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> at a temperature of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>6.0</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.37</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.38</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> </mml:math> K. A spectral stacking and matched filtering analysis provides a robust 17.3 σ significance to the overall detection. The derived column density is comparable to that of cyano-substituted naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and pyrene, defying the trend of decreasing abundance with increasing molecular size and complexity found for carbon chains. We discuss the implications of the detection for our understanding of interstellar PAH chemistry and highlight major open questions and next steps.