Allergic contact dermatitis revisited: A comprehensive review
Miguel Aristizabal, Charles J. Bruce, Maria A. Caruso, Mikolaj A. Wieczorek, Laura M. Pacheco-Spann, Rickey E. Carter, Alison J. Bruce, Matthew R. Hall
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a prevalent dermatological condition significantly impacting quality of life. This review comprehensively examines ACD's epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic options. By synthesizing current evidence, we aim to enhance clinicians' understanding of ACD, facilitating improved diagnosis and management. Key findings include the persistent burden of ACD, the importance of accurate allergen identification through patch testing, and the evolving therapeutic landscape, including the emergence of novel biologics. Addressing limitations in diagnosis, such as access to patch testing and challenges in patient education, is crucial. Furthermore, exploring the role of environmental factors and occupational exposures in ACD development will inform targeted prevention strategies. The incorporation of deep learning algorithms into diagnostic processes and the use of novel therapeutics, like biologics, are discussed as promising future directions. This review underscores the need for continued research to optimize patient outcomes and reduce the impact of ACD.