Prevalence and Mechanisms of Carbapenem Resistance in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cross-Sectional Studies from Iran
Mohammad Javad Nasiri, Mehdi Mirsaeidi, Seyyed Mohammad Javad Mousavi, Mania Arshadi, Fatemeh Fardsanei, Behnaz Deihim, Sara Davoudabadi, Samin Zamani, Bahareh Hajikhani, Hossein Goudarzi, Mehdi Goudarzi, Zahra Sadat Seghatoleslami, Hossein Dabiri, Payam Tabarsi
Abstract
Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) represents an urgent threat worldwide. We aimed to investigate the frequency of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Iran. Materials and Methods: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Iranian databases were searched to find potentially relevant articles. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 14. Results: Forty-nine studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The pooled rates of resistance to carbapenem in K. pneumoniae and E. coli were 24.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.0–31.0) and 5.0% (95% CI 2.0–8.0), respectively. bla OXA-48 gene was the most common cause of carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Conclusions: CRE is prevalent in Iran, which confers the importance of strength prevention and control measures.