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Bananas: multi-edge graphs and their Feynman integrals

Dirk Kreimer

2023Letters in Mathematical Physics17 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

Abstract We consider multi-edge or banana graphs $$b_n$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> on n internal edges $$e_i$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>e</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> with different masses $$m_i$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>m</mml:mi> <mml:mi>i</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . We focus on the cut banana graphs $$\Im (\Phi _R(b_n))$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ℑ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> from which the full result $$\Phi _R(b_n)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> can be derived through dispersion. We give a recursive definition of $$\Im (\Phi _R(b_n))$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ℑ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>Φ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> through iterated integrals. We discuss the structure of this iterated integral in detail. A discussion of accompanying differential equations, of monodromy and of a basis of master integrals is included.

Topics & Concepts

Feynman integralFeynman diagramComplex systemMathematicsEnhanced Data Rates for GSM EvolutionFeynman graphMathematical physicsPure mathematicsPhysicsComputer scienceParticle physicsArtificial intelligenceGraph theory and applicationsgraph theory and CDMA systems