Analysis of charged self-gravitational complex structures evolving quasi-homologously
Z. Yousaf, M. Z. Bhatti, Suraj Khan
Abstract
This paper studies the complex mechanism of evolving charged self-gravitational (dissipating or non-dissipating) systems using a structure scalar [Formula: see text], resulting from the basic procedure of orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann–Christoffel curvature tensor. The influence of electrical charge on the complexity of the considered system is analyzed in detail. We find several analytical Einstein–Maxwell models fulfilling the quasi-homologous [Formula: see text] evolution plus the vanishing complexity factor ([Formula: see text]) condition. Few of the presented models fulfill the Darmois constraints and exhibit shells, however, others satisfy the Israel constraints on both the boundary surfaces. Finally, some possible applications of the presented solutions are mentioned, which are important from astrophysical stand points. It is expected that some of the provided evolving Einstein–Maxwell fluid configurations may be utilized as a toy model of general frameworks like supernova explosions. It is found that the [Formula: see text] implies the vanishing of the [Formula: see text] and gives rise to a unique and simplest configuration (Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker model) fulfilling the condition [Formula: see text] and evolving in the [Formula: see text] regime.