Computerized cognitive training using virtual reality on everyday life activities for patients recovering from stroke
Jorge Oliveira, Pedro Gamito, Beatriz Cruz Lopes, Ana Rute Silva, João Galhordas, Eduarda Pereira, Elisabete Ramos, Ana Paula Silva, Áurea Jorge, António Fantasia
Abstract
PURPOSE: Recent studies argue that the use of virtual reality tasks depicting activities daily living may be effective means for cognitive rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to test an ecologically oriented approach in virtual reality resembling the demands of everyday life activities for cognitive rehabilitation following stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 30 sub-acute stroke patients recovering from stroke in a rehabilitation hospital. They were assessed in a single-arm pre-post intervention study on global cognition, executive functions, memory and attention abilities. The intervention consisted of virtual reality in a multidomain cognitive training approach depicting everyday life tasks (preparing food, choosing clothes, shopping, etc.). RESULTS: Improvements were found in the assessed cognitive domains at 6 to 10 post-treatment sessions. In-depth analysis through reliable change scores has suggested larger treatment effects on global cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Overall results suggest that the use of virtual reality-based exercises on everyday life activities may be a useful cognitive rehabilitation approach to provide short-term gains in cognition following stroke.Implications for rehabilitationVirtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation resembling everyday life activities may provide short-term gains in cognition of stroke patients;Consistent improvements in executive functions may require higher treatment dosage than for improvements in global cognition.