Tuning Li<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>-Like Domain Size and Surface Structure Enables Highly Stabilized Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes
Jie Li, Wenting Li, Chao Zhang, Ce Han, Xinping Chen, He Zhao, Hanying Xu, Guixiao Jia, Zelin Li, Jinxing Li, Yujuan Zhang, Xin Dong Guo, Fei Gao, Jing Liu, Xinping Qiu
Abstract
Severe capacity/voltage fading still poses substantial obstacles in the commercial applications of Li-rich layered oxides, which stems from the aggregation of Li 2 MnO 3 -like domains and unstable surface structure. Here, we report highly stabilized Co-free Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 with uniformly dispersed Li 2 MnO 3 -like domains and a protective rock-salt structure shell by reducing the oxygen partial pressure during high-temperature calcination. Experimental characterizations and DFT calculations reveal that the uniformly dispersed and small-sized Li 2 MnO 3 -like domains suppress the peroxidation of lattice oxygen, enabling highly reversible oxygen redox and excellent structural stability. Moreover, the induced rock-salt structure shell significantly restrains lattice oxygen release, TM dissolution, and interfacial side reactions, thereby improving the interfacial stability and facilitating Li + diffusion. Consequently, the obtained Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6 O 2 which was calcinated under an oxygen partial pressure of 0.1% (LNMO-0.1) delivers a high reversible capacity of 276.5 mAh g –1 at 0.1 C with superior cycling performance (a capacity retention rate of 85.4% after 300 cycles with a small voltage fading rate of 0.76 mV cycle –1 ) and excellent thermal stability. This work links the synthesis conditions with the domain structure and electrochemical performance of Li-rich cathode materials, providing some insights for designing high-performance Li-rich cathodes.