Introduction to Renewable Energy Technologies and Energy Transition Strategies
Mohd Sukor Su’ait, Norasikin Ahmad Ludin, Kamaruzzaman Sopian
Abstract
Renewable energy technologies and energy transition strategies are at the forefront of addressing climate change and ensuring sustainable energy sources for the future. This sector encompasses various technologies, including solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass energy. These renewable sources offer clean alternatives to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating environmental impacts. There has been a significant shift towards renewable energy adoption, driven by technological advancements, policy incentives, and growing environmental awareness. Countries around the world are increasingly investing in renewable energy infrastructure and implementing energy transition strategies to decarbonize their economies and achieve climate targets outlined in the Paris Agreement. At today’s rate of progress, the world is not on track to achieve the seventh Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of affordable and clean energy SDG 7 goals by 2030. Therefore, energy transition strategies provide a multifaceted approach, including diversifying energy sources, improving energy efficiency, enhancing grid infrastructure, and promoting renewable energy integration. These strategies aim to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, enhance energy security, create green jobs, and foster sustainable economic development. However, challenges remain, such as intermittent issues with renewable energy sources, energy storage limitations, and the need for policy frameworks that support hydrogen fuel deployment. This chapter provides an overview of renewable energy technologies, emphasizing their significance in addressing the dual challenge of energy security and environmental sustainability. Overcoming these challenges will require continued innovation, investment, and collaboration among governments, industries, and communities. By embracing renewable energy sources and implementing effective transition strategies, the world can move towards a more sustainable and resilient energy system.