The thalamus: Structure, function, and neurotherapeutics
Lara Marcuse, Mackenzie Langan, Patrick R. Hof, Fedor Panov, Igancio Saez, Joohi Jimenez‐Shahed, Martijn Figee, Helen Mayberg, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Saadi Ghatan, Priti Balchandani, Madeline Fields
Abstract
The complexity and expansive nature of thalamic research has led to numerous interventions for varied disease states. At the same time, this complexity along with siloed areas of study can hinder a comprehensive understanding. The goal of this paper is to give the reader a broader and more detailed perspective on the thalamus. In order to accomplish this goal, the paper begins with a summary of the function, electrophysiology, and anatomy of the normal thalamus. With this foundation, thalamic involvement in neurological diseases is discussed with a focus on epilepsy. Therapeutic interventions in the thalamus for epilepsy as well as movement disorders, psychiatric conditions and disorders of consciousness are described. Lastly limitations in the field and future models of data sharing and cooperation are explored.