Recent progress in promoting the bioavailability of polyphenols in plant-based foods
Merve Tomaş, Yuxi Wen, Wei Liao, Lizhu Zhang, Chao Zhao, David Julian McClements, Elifsu Nemli, Mustafa Bener, Reşat Apak, Esra Çapanoğlu
Abstract
Polyphenols are important constituents of plant-based foods, exhibiting a range of beneficial effects. However, many phenolic compounds have low bioavailability because of their low water solubility, chemical instability, food matrix effects, and interactions with other nutrients. This article reviews various methods of improving the bioavailability of polyphenols in plant-based foods, including fermentation, natural deep eutectic solvents, encapsulation technologies, co-crystallization and amorphous solid dispersion systems, and exosome complexes. Several innovative technologies have recently been deployed to improve the bioavailability of phenolic compounds. These technologies may be utilized to increase the healthiness of plant-based foods. Further research is required to better understand the mechanisms of action of these novel approaches and their potential to be used in food production.