Exosomal PD-L1 derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma promotes immune evasion by activating the positive feedback loop of activated regulatory T cell-M2 macrophage
Fanqin Wei, Ruihua Fang, Kexing Lyu, Jing Liao, Yudong Long, Jinchao Yang, Weiping Wen, Wei Sun
Topics & Concepts
Head and neck squamous-cell carcinomaImmune systemTumor microenvironmentCancer researchImmunosuppressionImmunotherapyPD-L1Positive feedbackT cellBiologyImmunologyCancerMedicineHead and neck cancerInternal medicineElectrical engineeringEngineeringExtracellular vesicles in diseaseImmune Cell Function and InteractionImmunotherapy and Immune Responses