8-Prenyl daidzein and 8-prenyl genistein from germinated soybean modulate inflammatory response in activated macrophages
Huei‐Fen Jheng, Miho Takase, Satoko Kawarasaki, Zheng Ni, Shinsuke Mohri, Kanako Hayashi, Atsushi Izumi, Kuni Sasaki, Yu Shinyama, Jungin Kwon, Su-Ping Ng, Haruya Takahashi, Wataru Nomura, Rina Yu, Koji Ochiai, Kazuo Inoue, Teruo Kawada, Tsuyoshi Goto
Abstract
Soy isoflavones have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties; however, the anti-inflammatory effects of isoflavone metabolites produced during soybean germination remain unclear. We found that the daidzein and genistein derivatives, 8-prenyl daidzein (8-PD) and 8-prenyl genistein (8-PG), demonstrated a more potent effect than daidzein and genistein on repressing inflammatory responses in macrophages. Although IkB protein levels were unaltered, 8-PD and 8-PG repressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, which was associated with reduced ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 MAPK activation and suppressed mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 phosphorylation. Inflammatory responses induced by the medium containing hypertrophic adipocyte secretions were successfully suppressed by 8-PD and 8-PG treatment. In the ex vivo study, 8-PD and 8-PG significantly inhibited proinflammatory C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) secretion from the adipose tissues of mice fed a long-term high-fat diet. The data suggest that 8-PD and 8-PG could regulate macrophage activation under obesity conditions.