Antiprotons and Elementary Particles over a Solar Cycle: Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer
M. Aguilar, G. Ambrosi, H. R. Anderson, L. Arruda, N. Attig, C. Bagwell, F. Barão, M. Barbanera, L. Barrin, A. Bartoloni, R. Battiston, Ammar Bayyari, N. L. Belyaev, B. Bertucci, V. Bindi, K. Bollweg, J. Bolster, M. Borchiellini, B. Borgia, M. Boschini, M. Bourquin, C. Brugnoni, Johanna Bürger, W. J. Burger, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, J. Casaus, G. Castellini, F. Cervelli, Y. H. Chang, G. M. Chen, G. R. Chen, H. Chen, H. S. Chen, Y. Chen, Lin Cheng, H. Y. Chou, S. Chouridou, V. Choutko, C. H. Chung, C. Clark, G. Coignet, C. Consolandi, A. Contin, C. Corti, Z. Cui, S. Kokou Dadzie, Fulvio D’Angelo, Amala Dass, C. Delgado, S. Della Torre, B. Demirköz, L. Derome, S. Di Falco, V. Di Felice, C. Díaz, F. Dimiccoli, P. von Doetinchem, Fang Dong, M. Duranti, A. I. Egorov, A. Eline, F. Faldi, D. Fehr, J. H. Feng, E. Fiandrini, P.H. Fisher, V. Formato, R. J. Garcı́a López, C. Gargiulo, H. Gast, M. Gervasi, F. Giovacchini, D. M. Gómez-Coral, J. Gong, D. Grandi, M. Graziani, S. Haino, K. C. Han, R. K. Hashmani, Z. H. He, B. Heber, F. Hernández-Nicolás, Timothy H. Hsieh, Jiangyong Hu, B. W. Huang, M. Ionica, M. Incagli, Yi Jia, H. Jinchi, G. Karagöz, Th. Kirn, A. P. Klipfel, O. Kounina, A. Kounine, V. Koutsenko, D. Krasnopevtsev, A. Kuhlman, A. Kulemzin, G. La Vacca
Abstract
We present results over an 11-year Solar cycle of cosmic antiprotons based on 1.1×10^{6} events in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV. The p[over ¯] fluxes exhibit distinct properties. The magnitude of the p[over ¯] flux temporal variation is significantly smaller than those of p, e^{-}, and e^{+}. A hysteresis between the p[over ¯] fluxes and the p fluxes is observed, whereas the p[over ¯] and e^{-} fluxes show a linear correlation. With a model-independent analysis, we found a universal relation between the shape of the rigidity spectrum and the magnitude of flux temporal variation over an 11-year Solar cycle for both positively and negatively charged particles. The simultaneous results on p[over ¯] and p, e^{-}, and e^{+} provide unique information for understanding particle transport in the Solar System as a function of mass, charge, and spectral shape.