Antibacterial and immunomodulatory activity of moringa ( <i>Moringa oleifera</i> ) seed extract in Longfin yellowtail ( <i>Seriola rivoliana</i> ) peripheral blood leukocytes
Martha Reyes‐Becerril, Carlos Angulo, Jorge Manuel Silva‐Jara
Abstract
This study determined (1) phytochemical and antioxidant properties of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed extract obtained by Naviglio's method; (2) antimicrobial activity; and (3) immunostimulant properties using Longfin yellowtail leukocytes. The results by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that moringa seed extract (MoSE) contained stretching vibrations of -OH, C-H, H-C=C-H, C-N, and C=O groups associated with free fatty acids and phytochemical molecules, whose profile included phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and leucoanthocyanins. The seed extract demonstrated high antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila. Moringa oleifera seed extract had no cytotoxic effects on fish peripheral blood leukocytes and enhanced immune parameters, such as respiratory burst activity, nitric oxide production, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. In conclusion, MoSE obtained by Naviglio's technique was rich in phytochemical compounds with high antioxidant capacity, effective antibacterial activity and enhanced immune parameters in Longfin yellowtail leukocytes.