Bio-engineered cell membrane nanovesicles as precision theranostics for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Xiaojie Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yunming Zhang, Peng Lv, Pengfei Zhang, Chengchao Chu, Jingsong Mao, Xiaoyong Wang, Wengang Li, Gang Liu
Abstract
Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC) presents a formidable challenge due to its occult anatomic location, aggressive growth, insensitivity to conventional chemotherapy, and poor prognosis. Herein, we engineered a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) affibody to the surface of cell membrane nanovesicles (A-NVs) in a ligand-oriented manner and loaded them with indocyanine green (ICG) as precision theranostics for PHCC treatment. The A-NVs@ICG were prepared and exhibited satisfactory targeting effects in HER2-overexpressing PHCC cells. In vivo fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging demonstrated that A-NVs@ICG promoted the accumulation of ICG in PHCC tissue, leading to enhanced tumor regression and improved anti-cancer effects when combined with photoirradiation. Therefore, bio-engineered A-NVs@ICG represent a promising nanotheranostic agent for PHCC with potential for clinical translation.