The S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP): A first 12-band glimpse of the Fornax galaxy cluster
A. V. Smith Castelli, A. Cortesi, R. F. Haack, A R Lopes, J. Thainá-Batista, R. Cid Fernandes, Luis Lomelí-Núñez, Ulysses Ribeiro, Clécio R. Bom, Vitor Cernic, L. Sodré, L. J. Zenocratti, M. E. De Rossi, J. P. Calderón, F. R. Herpich, Eduardo Telles, Kanak Saha, P. A. A. Lopes, Vitor H. Lopes-Silva, Thiago S. Gonçalves, D. Bambrila, Nelson Cardoso, Maria Luísa Buzzo, P Astudillo Sotomayor, R. Demarco, Nathan W. C. Leigh, M. Sarzi, Karín Menéndez‐Delmestre, F. R. Faifer, Yolanda Jiménez-Teja, M. Grossi, J. A. Hernández-Jiménez, A. C. Krabbe, L. A. Gutiérrez-Soto, Daiane Reis Brandão, L Espinosa, D. E. Olave-Rojas, G. B. Oliveira Schwarz, F. Almeida-Fernandes, W. Schoenell, T. Ribeiro, A. Kanaan, C. Mendes de Oliveira
Abstract
ABSTRACT The Fornax galaxy cluster is the richest nearby (D ∼ 20 Mpc) galaxy association in the southern sky. As such, it provides a wealth of opportunities to elucidate on the processes where environment holds a key role in transforming galaxies. Although it has been the focus of many studies, Fornax has never been explored with contiguous homogeneous wide-field imaging in 12 photometric narrow and broad bands like those provided by the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). In this paper, we present the S-PLUS Fornax Project (S+FP) that aims to comprehensively analyse the galaxy content of the Fornax cluster using S-PLUS. Our data set consists of 106 S-PLUS wide-field frames (FoV∼1.4 × 1.4 deg2) observed in five Sloan Digital Sky Survey-like ugriz broad bands and seven narrow bands covering specific spectroscopic features like [O ii], Ca ii H+K, Hδ, G band, Mg b triplet, Hα, and the Ca ii triplet. Based on S-PLUS specific automated photometry, aimed at correctly detecting Fornax galaxies and globular clusters in S-PLUS images, our data set provides the community with catalogues containing homogeneous 12-band photometry for ∼3 × 106 resolved and unresolved objects within a region extending over ∼208 deg2 (∼5 Rvir in RA) around Fornax’ central galaxy, NGC 1399. We further explore the eagle and IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations to identify 45 Fornax-like clusters and generate mock images on all 12 S-PLUS bands of these structures down to galaxies with M⋆ ≥ 108 M⊙. The S+FP data set we put forward in this first paper of a series will enable a variety of studies some of which are briefly presented.