Emergency management in patients with haemophilia A and inhibitors on prophylaxis with emicizumab: AICE practical guidance in collaboration with SIBioC, SIMEU, SIMEUP, SIPMeL and SISET.
Giancarlo Castaman, Cristina Santoro, Antonio Coppola, Maria E Mancuso, Rita C Santoro, Sergio Bernardini, Francesco R Pugliese, Riccardo Lubrano, Maria Golato, Armando Tripodi, Angiola Rocino, Elena Santagostino, Chiara Biasoli, Alessandra Borchiellini, Alberto Catalano, Laura Contino, Antonella Coluccia, Dorina Cultrera, Raimondo De Cristofaro, Giovanni Di Minno, Andrea Fabbri, Massimo Franchini, Gabriella Gamba, Anna Chiara Giuffrida, Paolo Gresele, Adele Giampaolo, Hamisa J Hassan, Matteo Luciani, Emanuela Marchesini, Renato Marino, Maria Gabriella Mazzucconi, Angelo C Molinari, Massimo Morfini, Lucia D Notarangelo, Lucia Peccarisi, Flora Peyvandi, Berardino Pollio, Gianna Franca Rivolta, Maria Pia Ruggieri, Vittorio Sargentini, Mario Schiavoni, Laura Sciacovelli, Maria Luisa Serino, Sergio Siragusa, Annarita Tagliaferri, Sophie Testa, Alberto Tosetto, Stefania Zampogna, Ezio Zanon
Abstract
Emicizumab has been approved in several countries for regular prophylaxis in patients with congenital haemophilia A and FVIII inhibitors because it substantially reduces their bleeding risk and improves quality of life. However, although significantly less frequent, some breakthrough bleeds may still occur while on emicizumab, requiring treatment with bypassing or other haemostatic agents. Thrombotic complications have been reported with the associated use of activated prothrombin complex concentrates. In addition, when surgery/invasive procedures are needed while on emicizumab, their management requires multidisciplinary competences and direct supervision by experts in the use of this agent. Given this, and in order to expand the current knowledge on the use of emicizumab and concomitant haemostatic agents, and reduce the risk of complications in this setting, the Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres (AICE) here provides guidance on the management of breakthrough bleeds and surgery in emergency situations in patients with haemophilia A and inhibitors on emicizumab prophylaxis. This paper has been shared with other National Scientific Societies involved in the field.