CO<sub>2</sub> reduction into formic acid under hydrothermal conditions: A mini review
Xu Liu, Heng Zhong, Chunling Wang, Daoping He, Fangming Jin
Abstract
Abstract Converting CO 2 , a major component of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, into value‐added fine chemicals is beneficial from environmental and economic aspects. Except for various methods for CO 2 reduction such as thermal catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and biological reduction, hydrothermal reduction of CO 2 to organics is becoming a novel and promising strategy. The hydrogen formed in situ from high‐temperature water could avoid the serious issues of hydrogen storage and transportation. This paper summarizes the recent advances on CO 2 conversion to formic acid with metal‐ and biomass‐based compounds under hydrothermal conditions mainly focusing on the role of high‐temperature water, autocatalysis mechanism of metal reductants, and interfacial catalysis mechanism of metal/metal oxides. The effects of several experimental variables including temperature, reaction time and pH of the solution on formic acid yield are systematically illustrated as well. Finally, future efforts for fundamental researches and industrial applications of hydrothermal CO 2 reduction are discussed.