Recent Advances in MXene-Based Flame Retardants for Enhancing Fire Safety in Thermoplastic Resins
Qingjie Guo, Yao Yuan, Lulu Xu, Wei Wang
Abstract
Thermoplastic resins are indispensable materials in various applications, including automotive, electronics, packaging, and construction, owing to their superior mechanical strength, ease of processing, and versatility. However, their inherent flammability poses a significant challenge to fire safety, limiting their broader use in environments demanding stringent flame-retardant performance. MXenes, a newly emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, have recently attracted significant attention for their application in flame-retardant polymer composites because of their multilayered structure and exceptional versatility. This review comprehensively explores the state-of-the-art advancements in flame-retardant thermoplastic resins, focusing on the use of MXenes and MXene-based materials to meet high-performance requirements, including mechanical strength, thermal stability, flame retardancy, electromagnetic interference (EMI) properties, and multifunctionality. Furthermore, the modification approaches of MXene-based flame retardants, the preparation of MXene-based thermoplastic resin composites, and the mechanisms of action for different matrices are also discussed in this review. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and potential developments for MXene-based thermoplastic composites, offering insights into the practical applications and growing demands for flame-retardant materials.