Digital Twin in Practice: Emergent Insights from an Ethnographic-Action Research Study
Ashwin Agrawal, Vishal Singh, Robert Thiel, Michael Pillsbury, Harrison Knoll, Jay A. Puckett, Martin Fischer
Abstract
Based on an ethnographic action research study for a Digital Twin (DT) deployment on an automated highway maintenance project, this paper reports some of the stumbling blocks that practitioners face while deploying a DT in practice. At the outset, the scope of the case study was broadly defined in terms of digitalization and software development and deployment, which later pivoted toward the concept of Digital Twin during the collective reflection sessions between the project participants. Through an iterative learning cycle via discussions among the various project stakeholders, the case study led to uncovering the roadblocks in practice faced by the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) practitioners. This research finds that the practitioners are facing difficulty in (1) creating a shared understanding among the participants due to the lack of consensus on the Digital Twin concept, (2) adapting and investing in Digital Twin due to inability to exhaustively evaluate and select the appropriate technological capabilities in a Digital Twin, and (3) allocation of resources for Digital Twin development due to the inability to assess the impact of DT on the organizational conditions and processes.