Second-life lithium-ion battery aging dataset based on grid storage cycling
Kevin Moy, Muhammad Aadil Khan, Simone Fasolato, Gabriele Pozzato, Anirudh Allam, Simona Onori
Abstract
This paper describes an experimental dataset of used lithium-ion battery cells cycled on grid storage synthetic duty cycles to study their feasibility for second-life applications. Data were collected at the Stanford Energy Control Laboratory at Stanford University, CA, USA. The ten INR21700-M50T battery cells with graphite/silicon anode and Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) cathode had been previously tested over a period of 23 months according to the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) discharge driving profile. In this paper, six out of these ten cells are tested for a period of 24 months. The aging campaign is a combination of calendar aging and cycling. The cycling portion is designed to replicate real-world usage patterns based on synthetic duty cycles for residential and commercial grid energy storage systems (ESS). Battery cycling alternates between 20 °C and 35 °C to simulate seasonal temperature variations encountered in grid applications. The calendar aging, on the other hand, occurs at room temperature. Periodic assessments of battery degradation during second-life testing are accomplished via Reference Performance Tests for second-life (RPT S) comprising of a combined capacity and pulse power test, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at three state-of-charge (SOC) values. The data set captures the combined effects of cycling-induced stress and long-term storage.