3-oxo-C12:2-HSL, quorum sensing molecule from human intestinal microbiota, inhibits pro-inflammatory pathways in immune cells via bitter taste receptors
Garance Coquant, Doriane Aguanno, Loïc Brot, Christine Belloir, Julie Delugeard, Nathalie Roger, Hang‐Phuong Pham, Loı̈c Briand, Marielle Moreau, Luisa De Sordi, Véronique Carrière, Jean-Pierre Grill, Sophie Thenet, Philippe Seksik
Abstract
In the gut ecosystem, microorganisms regulate group behaviour and interplay with the host via a molecular system called quorum sensing (QS). The QS molecule 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL, first identified in human gut microbiota, exerts anti-inflammatory effects and could play a role in inflammatory bowel diseases where dysbiosis has been described. Our aim was to identify which signalling pathways are involved in this effect. We observed that 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL decreases expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukine-1β (- 35%) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) (- 40%) by stimulated immune RAW264.7 cells and decreased TNF secretion by stimulated PBMC in a dose-dependent manner, between 25 to 100 µM. Transcriptomic analysis of RAW264.7 cells exposed to 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL, in a pro-inflammatory context, highlighted JAK-STAT, NF-κB and TFN signalling pathways and we confirmed that 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL inhibited JAK1 and STAT1 phosphorylation. We also showed through a screening assay that 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL interacted with several human bitter taste receptors. Its anti-inflammatory effect involved TAS2R38 as shown by pharmacologic inhibition and led to an increase in intracellular calcium levels. We thus unravelled the involvement of several cellular pathways in the anti-inflammatory effects exerted by the QS molecule 3-oxo-C12:2-HSL.