Empirical Path Loss Channel Modeling at 28 GHz for Integrated Sensing and Communication System
Zeyong Chai, Yuxiang Zhang, Guangyi Liu, Yameng Liu, Jialin Wang, Tao Jiang, Jianhua Zhang
Abstract
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is considered as a potential technology of sixth-generation (6G). The ISAC system allows for communication and sensing through an integrated waveform, where the receiving strength of the signal affects system performance, including communication quality and sensing accuracy. The path loss characteristics directly affect the signal receiving strength. Most of the existing literature on ISAC path loss is based on the free space radar path loss, however, it does not contain the affect of near and far fields and scatterers in the environment. To address this issue, we conduct a channel measurement campaign at 28 GHz to analyze the path loss. Firstly, we find that path loss exhibits differences in the near and far fields: due to the near-field effect of sensing target, path loss exponent (PLE) fluctuates in the near-field while tends to stabilize in the far-field. Then based on the close-in (CI) reference distance model and the floating-intercept (FI) model, we obtain two empirical path loss models by separating the target influence for ISAC scenarios. Finally, we present detailed steps for path loss characteristic modeling, which can be used for ISAC channel simulation in future research.