Applying thermodynamics as an applicable approach to cancer diagnosis, evaluation, and therapy: A review
Amin Shamsabadipour, Mehrab Pourmadadi, Fatemeh Davodabadi, Abbas Rahdar, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira
Abstract
Numerous researchers and scientists are trying to develop novel methods and technologies to treat cancers more efficiently and quickly. One of the most important steps to treat cancers efficiently is to diagnose them at their early stage and for this purpose, diverse selective and sensitive biosensors have been developed which operate based on the affinity of electrode-analyte interactions that can be interpreted and modified by thermodynamics to fabricate the best method with the highest sensitivity for the early detection of cancers. Another crucial step for effective cancer therapy is to determine the cancer stage which can be done by evaluating entropy generation or by employing nanoparticles with thermodynamic-based mechanisms for tumor imaging, biomarker detection, and tumor detection. As the last step, thermodynamics can be applied effectively as an applicable approach for treating diverse cancers, either by employing a photothermal-thermodynamic combination technique or thermosensitive hydrogel-based drug delivery systems . This study, by providing recent achievements and discussing the challenges of the thermodynamic applications in cancer diagnosis, tumor progression evaluation, and cancer therapy is dedicated to be an inspirational study for further investigation, optimization, and progression of the thermodynamic applications in biomedical purposes. Moreover, researchers can implement further works with higher efficacy in this field by understanding thermodynamic applications and backgrounds.