Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Seven Clinical Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates Identify a Small Set of Shared and Commonly Regulated Genes Involved in the Biofilm Lifestyle
Ifey Alio, Mirja Gudzuhn, Pablo Pérez-García, Dominik Danso, Marie C. Schoelmerich, Uwe Mamat, Ulrich E. Schaible, Jörg Steinmann, Daniel Yero, Isidre Gibert, Thomas A. Kohl, Stefan Niemann, Matthias I. Gröschel, Johanna Haerdter, Thomas Hackl, Christel Vollstedt, Mechthild Bömeke, Richard Egelkamp, Rolf Daniel, Anja Poehlein, Wolfgang R. Streit
Abstract
Microorganisms living in a biofilm are much more tolerant to antibiotics and antimicrobial substances than planktonic cells are. Thus, the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms living in biofilms is extremely difficult. Nosocomial infections (among others) caused by S. maltophilia , particularly lung infection among CF patients, have increased in prevalence in recent years. The intrinsic multidrug resistance of S. maltophilia and the increased tolerance to antimicrobial agents of its biofilm cells make the treatment of S. maltophilia infection difficult. The significance of our research is based on understanding the common mechanisms involved in biofilm formation of different S. maltophilia isolates, understanding the diversity of biofilm architectures among strains of this species, and identifying the differently regulated processes in biofilm versus planktonic cells. These results will lay the foundation for the treatment of S. maltophilia biofilms.