Diabetes Distal Peripheral Neuropathy: Subtypes and Diagnostic and Screening Technologies
Kelley Newlin Lew, Tracey C. Arnold, Catherine Barker Cantelmo, Francky Jacque, Hugo F. Posada–Quintero, Pooja Luthra, Ki H. Chon
Abstract
Diabetes distal symmetrical peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) is the most prevalent form of neuropathy in industrialized countries, substantially increasing risk for morbidity and pre-mature mortality. DSPN may manifest with small-fiber disease, large-fiber disease, or a combination of both. This review summarizes: (1) DSPN subtypes (small- and large-fiber disease) with attention to clinical signs and patient symptoms; and (2) technological diagnosis and screening for large- and small-fiber disease with inclusion of a comprehensive literature review of published studies from 2015-present ( N = 66). Review findings, informed by the most up-to-date research, advance critical understanding of DSPN large- and small-fiber screening technologies, including those designed for point-of-care use in primary care and endocrinology practices.