Multi-Objective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Design a Printed MIMO Antenna With n78–5G NR Frequency Band Applications
Vahid Hosseini, Yousef Farhang, Kambiz Majidzadeh, Changiz Ghobadi
Abstract
This study introduces a novel multi-objective optimization algorithm integrating Customized Mutated Particle Swarm Optimization (CM-PSO) and an innovative modified Genetic Algorithm (GA) using an unexplored merged chaotic map. The hybrid algorithm converges to desired results faster than CM-PSO and modified GA without trapping in local minima. Validation is conducted by designing a single-element and simple-structure dipole antenna so that its optimized <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> is better than -30 dB at the resonance frequency and covers the 3.3 to 3.8 GHz frequency band with <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> < -10 dB. Certainly, the -30 dB and covering frequency band criteria can be modified in the proposed algorithm. In the algorithm, the isolation between elements of a quad-Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output antenna, constructed using optimized dipole antennas, is set to be less than -20 dB (changeable criteria) so that the smallest size can be achieved. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite carries out electromagnetic and high-frequency simulations, and the novel developed optimization algorithm in MATLAB determines what and how much parameter values need to be changed by CM-PSO or an innovative modified GA in order to enhance the antenna’s <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">S</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> result and its Impedance Bandwidth (IBW). The input parameters of the algorithm are the dimensions of the proposed antenna’s elements, which significantly influence its performance.