Antibiotic Sensitivity of <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> Urinary Tract Infection in Patients with Urinary Calculi
Licai Mo, Jiajia Wang, Jiao Qian, Minfei Peng
Abstract
Background . The study’s objective was to determine Proteus mirabilis susceptibility in individuals with urinary tract infections and stones to antibiotics and prescribe optimal antimicrobial treatment. Methods . Nonrepetitive Proteus mirabilis strains were isolated from urine specimens obtained from 317 patients diagnosed with urinary stones from January, 2018, to December, 2021. A VITEK mass spectrometer was used for species identification, and a VITEK‐compact 2 automatic microbial system was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). Susceptibility to imipenem and cefoperazone/sodium sulbactam was tested by the disc diffusion method (K‐B method). The antibiotic sensitivity of the strains was analyzed by sex and season. Results. A total of 317 patients were reviewed: 202 females (63.7%) and 115 males (36.3%). Proteus mirabilis infections were observed during spring (21.8%, n = 69), summer (26.2%, n = 83), autumn (33.8%, n = 107), and winter (18.2%, n = 57). Proteus mirabilis infections in females were diagnosed most often during the fall (24.3%, n = 77) and during the summer in males (11.0%, n = 35) ( p = 0.010). Female patients responded best to levofloxacin ( p = 0.014), and male patients responded best to sulfamethoxazole ( p = 0.023). Seasonal variation in antibiotic sensitivity was confirmed, with significantly higher rates in the winter for cefuroxime ( p = 0.002) and sulfamethoxazole ( p = 0.002). Significant seasonal increases were also found in levofloxacin sensitivity during the summer ( p = 0.005). Conclusions. Highly effective antibiotics such as cefoxitin and ceftazidime should be used empirically by considering antibiotic sensitivity changes by sex, season, and year. Regional studies should be conducted frequently.