THE MODERN PERSPECTIVES OF NANOMATERIAL APPLICATIONS IN CANCER TREATMENT AND DRUG DELIVERY
Aygun Nasibova
Abstract
Cancer, considered as one of the curses of the 21st century diseases, has been the subject of continuous exploration by scientists for many new treatment methods, utilizing different perspectives and approaches in treatment. However, due to the diversity in the causes of cancer, the organs affected by the disease and the types of cancer, the treatment process is quite challenging and cancer can reoccur after treatment. Unfortunately, a specific cure for this disease has not yet been found, making this topic still relevant and attracting the attention of scientists. Research is being conducted in the field of nanobiotechnology for cancer diagnosis, early detection and mitigation of side effects. Traditional cancer treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy and gene therapy. However, limitations such as lack of specificity, cytotoxicity and resistance to multiple drugs create barriers for traditional cancer treatment methods. The emergence of nanotechnology has laid the foundation for a new era in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanoparticles (NPs) in the size range of 1-100 nm offer specific advantages in cancer treatment due to their biocompatibility, reduced toxicity, enhanced stability, improved permeability and retention effect and precise targeting.