Ti/Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub> Anodes for Efficient Electrodeposition of Manganese Metal and Anode Slime Generation Reduction
Haidong Zhong, Qian Zhang, Zuohua Liu, Jun Du, Changyuan Tao
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Preventing lead-based anodes from causing high-energy consumption, lead pollution, and harmful anode slime emission is a major challenge for the current electrolytic manganese metal industry. In this work, a Ti 4 O 7 -coated titanium electrode was used as anode material (Ti/Ti 4 O 7 anode) in manganese electrowinning process for the first time and compared with a lead-based anode (Pb anode). The Ti/Ti 4 O 7 anode was used for galvanostatic electrolysis; the cathodic current efficiency improved by 3.22% and energy consumption decreased by 7.82%. During 8 h of electrolysis, it reduced 90.42% solution anode slime and 72.80% plate anode slime formation. Anode product characterization and electrochemical tests indicated that the Ti/Ti 4 O 7 anode possesses good oxygen evolution activity, and γ-MnO 2 has a positive catalytic effect on oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which inhibited anode Mn 2+ oxidation reaction and reduced the formation of anode slime. In addition, the low charge-transfer resistance, high diffusion resistance, and dense MnO 2 layer of the anode blocked the diffusion path of Mn 3+ in the system and inhibited the formation of anode slime. The Ti/Ti 4 O 7 anode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, which provides a new idea for the selection of novel anodes, energy savings and emission reduction, and the establishment of a new mode of clean production in the electrolytic manganese metal industry.