Future prospects of ketoprofen in improving the safety of the gastric mucosa
Joanna Kuczyńska, Barbara Nieradko‐Iwanicka
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Ketoprofen (K) was synthesized in 1968. K belongs to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. K is commonly used due to rapid absorption, simple metabolism, high antinociceptive activity and fast blood brain barrier crossing. However, this substance causes various side effects which are the major factors affecting its' popularity. Many researchers have modified this drug to discover an improved and safe NSAID. AIM: The aim of the review was to find in recent publications data bout future prospects of K of improved safety for the gastric mucosa after oral administration. METHOD: Systematic literature review was conducted in March 2021 (2015 onwards). We selected 22 articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline Complete databases. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Many studies aimed at obtaining K with lower ulcerogenic properties. This article describes K with lysine, new K delivery systems, K in form of hydrogels, prodrugs and codrugs of K, K as ATB-352, K with zinc, K encapsulated as proliposomal powders and several substances that reduce the gastric side effects of K described after 2015. CONCLUSION: Our review confirms that modifications of K maintain its' desirable actions and decrease ulcer producing side effect. Some new forms of K were also found to have better activity profile compared to the parent drug.