Predictive and prognostic biomarkers in cancer: towards the precision medicine era
Stefano Marletta, Antonio Rizzo, Graziana Spoto, Luca Falzone
Abstract
Cancer research has made significant progress in recent years, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms that drive tumor development and progression.Advancements in this field have been related to identifying and applying predictive and prognostic biomarkers, which have emerged as key hallmarks in guiding therapeutic decisions and improving patients' clinical outcomes.Notably, predictive biomarkers are pivotal to identifying patients who are likely to respond to specific treatments, thereby optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing adverse effects [1].In contrast, prognostic biomarkers provide valuable information on disease progression, offering insights into patient prognosis regardless of the treatment received [2].Not applicable.