3D-printed PLA-Gr-Mg composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Meysam Mohammadi Zerankeshi, Reza Alizadeh
Abstract
3D porous PLA-graphite composite scaffolds are recently introduced as promising candidates in tissue engineering practices owing to their significantly enhanced mechanical strength in comparison with pure PLA. However, they mainly suffer from low degradation rate as well as undesirable hydrophobic surface. In this regard and to address such challenges, Mg particles, as one of the lightest metallic fillers, were added to PLA-graphite scaffolds via the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. The obtained results indicated that introduction of 1 wt% Mg inhibited polymeric chain mobility of PLA, and hence, increased the glass transition temperature. Also, Mg particles behaved as nucleating agents, thus crystallization temperature was decreased. Compression and tensile tests demonstrated an enhanced trend in strength with the incorporation of Mg. Notably, the hydrophobic surface of PLA-graphite scaffold changed to a hydrophilic surface with the addition of Mg, which also led to a higher degradation rate of Mg-incorporated PLA-graphite composite scaffolds. The obtained results indicated the beneficial effects of Mg in tackling the challenges of PLA-graphite scaffolds for bone tissue applications.