Multi-layered coatings for improving implant performance of titanium
Sirus Safaee, Shigeaki Abe, Mahdis Nesabi, Amirhossein Moghanian, Parviz Asadi, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Hitomi Okazaki, Kae Harada, Ikuya Watanabe, Hiroshi Murata
Abstract
This study assesses the mechanical and biological properties of bioactive glass 58S (BG) coating on titanium (Ti) surfaces. Abraded Ti was alkali-treated for 12 h at 60 °C using 8 mL of 5 M NaOH aqueous solution, followed by coating in BG sol to create a novel hybrid nanostructure layer on the Ti surface. Another experimental group involved abraded Ti substrates blasted with alumina powder, followed by sol-dip coating in BG sol. Characterization, adhesive strength, and cell responsiveness of individual and combined treatments were examined. Alkali-treated BG-coated Ti presented superior performance compared to alumina-blasted BG-coated Ti. Adhesive strength results confirmed that the hybrid alkali-BG treatment enhanced the bond between coating and substrate by creating a nanoporous structure layer on the Ti surface, achieving the highest bond strength values among treatment groups with excellent cell response. Improvements from combined alkali-BG treatment are attributed to the required porosity nanostructure and apatite transformation ability. Thus, alkali-BG hybridization could be a viable surface modification method for implant applications.