Biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease: A state of the art review
Kyla Y. Yamashita, Sweta Bhoopatiraju, Bret Silverglate, George T. Grossberg
Abstract
Biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease are widely researched in the field of neuropsychiatry. Though Parkinson’s disease is diagnosed clinically, biomarkers prove to be a promising means to identify disease in early stages, track disease progression, and distinguish Parkinson’s disease from other conditions like dementia with Lewy bodies. There is debate on the level of clinical utility specific Parkinson’s disease biomarkers have. This state of the art review discusses recent advances in the search for Parkinson’s disease biomarkers and delves into the clinical value of each, exploring biomarkers obtained through different modalities like cerebrospinal fluid, serum, genetics and imaging.