(Betaine: Citric Acid: H <sub>2</sub> O) a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NaDES)-Mediated Efficient and Green Synthesis of 4-Benzylidene Isoxazol-5-one Derivatives
Achwaq Zadem, Zinelaabidine Cheraiet, Bidjou-Haiour Chahra
Abstract
A biodegradable catalyst based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDESs) designed from Betaine and natural acids (Betaine: Citric Acid: H2O) with a molar ratio of (1:1.5:1) has been utilized in one-pot multi-component reaction for the synthesis of Isoxazol-5-ones derivatives in a mild, green and efficient manner. The reaction was carried out under different conditions that are, at 400C, ultrasonic and microwave. The developed method provided many advantages, including an excellent yield of up to 98% in a shorter reaction time, avoiding the use of toxic solvents and an easy handling process. Additionally, the use of NaDESs enabled the conservation of resources due to their simple preparation. The developed process adheres to the requirements of green chemistry by employing a bio-sourced and recyclable catalyst.