Ampelopsis grossedentata improves type 2 diabetes mellitus through modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism
Yuli Hu, Mei Li, Lei Ding, Chuan Peng, You Wu, Wei Liu, Dan Zhao, Lingling Qin, Xiangyu Guo, Lili Wu, Tonghua Liu
Abstract
Ampelopsis grossedentata is a flavonoid-rich healthy tea, traditionally used as a Chinese herbal medicine, that effectively treats T2DM. In the present study, we investigated the anti-diabetic effect of total flavonoids extracted from Ampelopsis grossedentata (AGT) and the underlying mechanisms using 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics. The results indicated that after AGT treatment for 6 weeks, the body weight, liver index, fasting blood glucose (FBG), OGTT-AUC, and serum lipid levels were reduced, and pathological injuries of the liver improved significantly in ZDF rats. Meanwhile, AGT increased the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota, especially BSH-active bacteria, which reduced T-β-MCA and T-α-MCA levels and further activate FXR and FGF15. The activation of FXR-FGF15 axis inhibited excessive bile acid accumulation and liver gluconeogenesis upon AGT treatment. Taken together, our results suggested that AGT ameliorated glycolipid metabolism disorder via the “microbiota-gut-liver” axis, indicating that AGT may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating T2DM.