Surface site density and utilization of platinum group metal (PGM)-free Fe–NC and FeNi–NC electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Fang Luo, Stephan Wagner, Ichiro Onishi, Sören Selve, Shuang Li, Wen Ju, Huan Wang, Julian Steinberg, Arne Thomas, Ulrike I. Kramm, Peter Strasser
Abstract
enables a quantitative evaluation and comparison of distinct catalyst synthesis routes in terms of their ratio of accessible metal sites. It gives guidance for further optimization of the accessible site density of M-NC catalysts.
Topics & Concepts
Oxygen reduction reactionPlatinum groupPlatinumMetalOxygen reductionGroup (periodic table)OxygenReduction (mathematics)Materials scienceSurface (topology)ChemistryInorganic chemistryCatalysisElectrodeElectrochemistryMetallurgyPhysical chemistryOrganic chemistryMathematicsGeometryElectrocatalysts for Energy ConversionFuel Cells and Related MaterialsAdvanced battery technologies research