Vulvar Cancer, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Nadeem R. Abu‐Rustum, Catheryn M. Yashar, Rebecca C. Arend, Emma L. Barber, Kristin Bradley, Rebecca Brooks, Susana M. Campos, Junzo Chino, Hye Sook Chon, Marta A. Crispens, Shari Damast, Christine M. Fisher, Peter J. Frederick, David K. Gaffney, Stéphanie Gaillard, Robert Giuntoli, Scott Glaser, Jordan A. Holmes, Brooke E. Howitt, Kari Kendra, Jayanthi Lea, Nita K. Lee, Gina Mantia-Smaldone, Andrea Mariani, David G. Mutch, Christa Nagel, Larissa Nekhlyudov, Mirna Podoll, Kerry J. Rodabaugh, Ritu Salani, John O. Schorge, Jean Siedel, Rachel Sisodia, Pamela T. Soliman, Stefanie Ueda, Renata R. Urban, Stephanie L. Wethington, Emily Wyse, Kristine Zanotti, Nicole R. McMillian, Sara Espinosa
Abstract
Vulvar cancer is annually diagnosed in an estimated 6,470 individuals and the vast majority are histologically squamous cell carcinomas. Vulvar cancer accounts for 5% to 8% of gynecologic malignancies. Known risk factors for vulvar cancer include increasing age, infection with human papillomavirus, cigarette smoking, inflammatory conditions affecting the vulva, and immunodeficiency. Most vulvar neoplasias are diagnosed at early stages. Rarer histologies exist and include melanoma, extramammary Paget's disease, Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, and sarcoma. This manuscript discusses recommendations outlined in the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for treatments, surveillance, systemic therapy options, and gynecologic survivorship.