Dysregulation of Astrocyte–Neuronal Communication in Alzheimer’s Disease
Carmen Nanclares, Andrés M. Baraibar, Alfonso Araque, Paulo Kofuji
Abstract
Recent studies implicate astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, their role in pathogenesis is poorly understood. Astrocytes have well-established functions in supportive functions such as extracellular ionic homeostasis, structural support, and neurovascular coupling. However, emerging research on astrocytic function in the healthy brain also indicates their role in regulating synaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability via the release of neuroactive substances named gliotransmitters. Here, we review how this "active" role of astrocytes at synapses could contribute to synaptic and neuronal network dysfunction and cognitive impairment in AD.
Topics & Concepts
NeuroscienceAstrocyteSynaptic plasticityAlzheimer's diseaseDiseaseNeuroplasticityPathogenesisHomeostasisPremovement neuronal activityBiologyMedicineCentral nervous systemCell biologyImmunologyPathologyReceptorBiochemistryAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research