CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion is associated with early recurrence in meningiomas
Philipp Sievers, Thomas Hielscher, Daniel Schrimpf, Damian Stichel, David Reuß, Anna S. Berghoff, Marian C. Neidert, Hans‐Georg Wirsching, Christian Mawrin, Ralf Ketter, Werner Paulus, Guido Reifenberger, Katrin Lamszus, Manfred Westphal, Nima Etminan, Miriam Ratliff, Christel Herold‐Mende, Stefan M. Pfister, David Jones, Michael Weller, Patrick N. Harter, Wolfgang Wick, Matthias Preusser, Andreas von Deimling, Felix Sahm
Abstract
Soon after birth, the regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart is lost, cardiomyocytes withdraw from the cell cycle and demonstrate a minimal proliferation rate. Despite improved treatment and reperfusion strategies, the uncompensated cardiomyocyte loss during injury and disease results in cardiac remodeling and subsequent heart failure. The promising field of regenerative medicine aims to restore both the structure and function of damaged tissue through modulation of cellular processes and regulatory mechanisms involved in cardiac cell cycle arrest to boost cardiomyocyte proliferation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are functional RNA molecules with no protein-coding function that have been reported to engage in cardiac regeneration and repair. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of both the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Furthermore, we discuss their impact on the structure and contractile function of the heart in health and disease and their application for therapeutic interventions.