A SIMO Hybrid Visible-Light Communication System for Optical IoT
Shivani Rajendra Teli, Petr Chvojka, S. Vítek, Stanislav Zvánovec, Rafael Pérez‐Jiménez, Zabih Ghassemlooy
Abstract
Visible-light communication (VLC) is an emerging technology utilizing light-emitting diodes and photodetectors (PDs) and cameras [i.e., image sensors (ISs)] as the transmitter and receivers (Rx), respectively, for simultaneous data communications, illumination, localization, and sensing in the indoor optical Internet of Things. We propose a single-input–multiple-output (SIMO) hybrid VLC system using PD-based and IS-based Rxs for simultaneous high-speed and low-speed (i.e., <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ High}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ Low}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) data transmission. In addition, we propose amplitude overlapping <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${A} _{\mathrm{ OL}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the modulation format to increase <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and reduce the attenuation due to the high-pass filter effect of the bias-T. We experimentally evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme considering the interlink impacts. Results show that at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${A} _{\mathrm{ OL}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0–0.2: 1) the measured bit error rate for the PD-based VLC is below the forward error correction limit of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.8 \times 10^{-3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ Low}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 2.5 and 5 kb/s at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ High}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 35 and 60 Mb/s, respectively, and 2) for the IS-based VLC link with the camera gain of 4 dB and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ High}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of up to 70 Mb/s, the reception success rates are >96 and 90% at <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{b-{\mathrm{ Low}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 2.5 and 5 kb/s, respectively.