A Case Series of Cat-Scratch Disease with Ocular Manifestations: Clinical Findings and Treatment Approach
Atakan Acar, Pınar Özdal, Berna Başarır, Kübra Özdemir Yalçınsoy, Çiğdem Altan, Özlem Budakoğlu
Abstract
Bartonella infection. The incidence of CSD was reported to be 9.3/100,000 in the United States. In two studies conducted in Trkiye, seropositivity rates were 3.3% and 6% among healthy individuals. This rate was reported as 12.5% in veterinarians and 26.5% in cat owners. ymphoid involvement is most commonly observed in CSD. It has a self-limited course in immunocompetent people under the age of 20 years. Papules and pustules form at the inoculation site after 3-10 days. Systemic symptoms develop after local infection and regress spontaneously within a few weeks. In immunocompromised individuals, disseminated infection may cause serious clinical manifestations such as endocarditis, encephalitis, meningitis, pneumonia, and osteomyelitis. cular involvement occurs in 5-10% of CSD patients. 13 Ocular involvement can manifest as granulomatous conjunctivitis and preauricular lymphadenopathy, as in Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome, but can also present with different clinical manifestations, such as neuroretinitis, anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, focal/multifocal chorioretinitis, choroidal mass, retinal infiltrate, branch retinal vein or artery occlusion, serous retinal detachment, or acute endophthalmitis. 12,14 CSD is the most common known cause of neuroretinitis. 15,16 B.