Revolutionizing Energy Technologies With Electrospun‐Polymer Nanofibers: From Lithium‐Ion Batteries to Self‐Powered Systems
Farimah Kamran, Hana Afshar, Helena Moshiri, Farangis Shahi
Abstract
ABSTRACT The global demand for sustainable, high‐performance energy systems has accelerated the development of advanced materials capable of enhancing energy storage and harvesting technologies. Among these, electrospun polymer nanofibers have emerged as a transformative platform due to their high surface area, tunable porosity, mechanical flexibility, and compositional versatility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the application of electrospun polymer nanofibers across a wide range of energy technologies, including lithium‐ion batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The review begins with a historical perspective and the fundamental principles of electrospinning, followed by detailed discussions of how nanofiber design and functionalization strategies improve electrochemical performance, durability, and sustainability. Special attention is given to material innovations, hybrid structures, fabrication techniques, and real‐world case studies that highlight the practical impact of nanofiber‐based components. The review concludes by outlining current challenges and offering future perspectives on scalable manufacturing, multifunctional architectures, and the integration of eco‐friendly materials. By bridging materials science and energy engineering, this review aims to guide researchers in developing next‐generation energy devices that are efficient, flexible, and environmentally responsible.