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Generalized parton distributions of the kaon and pion within the nonlocal chiral quark model

Hyeon-Dong Son, Parada T. P. Hutauruk

2025Physical review. D/Physical review. D.11 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

In the present study, we explore the properties of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for the kaon and pion within the framework of the nonlocal chiral quark model ( <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:mrow> <a:mi>NL</a:mi> <a:mi>χ</a:mi> <a:mi>QM</a:mi> </a:mrow> </a:math> ). Valence quark GPDs of the kaon and pion are analyzed with respect to their momentum fraction <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <c:mi>x</c:mi> </c:math> and skewness <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <e:mi>ξ</e:mi> </e:math> dependencies in the DGLAP (Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi) and ERBL (Efremov-Radyushkin-Brodsky-Lepage) regions. We observe that the asymmetry of the current quark masses in kaon results in a significant distortion of the quark GPDs in kaon near <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <g:mi>ξ</g:mi> <g:mo>=</g:mo> <g:mn>1</g:mn> </g:math> , compared to the case of the pion. The quark GPDs of the kaon and pion are evolved to <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <i:msup> <i:mi>μ</i:mi> <i:mn>2</i:mn> </i:msup> <i:mo>=</i:mo> <i:mn>4</i:mn> <i:mtext> </i:mtext> <i:mtext> </i:mtext> <i:msup> <i:mrow> <i:mi>GeV</i:mi> </i:mrow> <i:mrow> <i:mn>2</i:mn> </i:mrow> </i:msup> </i:math> and <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <k:mn>100</k:mn> <k:mtext> </k:mtext> <k:mtext> </k:mtext> <k:msup> <k:mi>GeV</k:mi> <k:mn>2</k:mn> </k:msup> </k:math> by the QCD evolution equation at one-loop order using the ++ package. We find that the produced sea quarks and gluons are largely suppressed as <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <m:mi>ξ</m:mi> </m:math> becomes nonzero, predominantly confined within the ERBL region. We subsequently examine the polynomiality of the GPDs and numerically obtain the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of the kaon and pion. For the kaon, gravitational form factor ratios <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <o:mrow> <o:msub> <o:mrow> <o:mi>A</o:mi> </o:mrow> <o:mrow> <o:mover accent="true"> <o:mrow> <o:mi>s</o:mi> </o:mrow> <o:mrow> <o:mo stretchy="false">¯</o:mo> </o:mrow> </o:mover> <o:mo>/</o:mo> <o:msup> <o:mrow> <o:mi>K</o:mi> </o:mrow> <o:mrow> <o:mo>+</o:mo> </o:mrow> </o:msup> </o:mrow> </o:msub> <o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo> <o:mn>0</o:mn> <o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo> <o:mo>/</o:mo> <o:msub> <o:mrow> <o:mi>A</o:mi> </o:mrow> <o:mrow> <o:mi>s</o:mi> <o:mo>/</o:mo> <o:msup> <o:mrow> <o:mi>K</o:mi> </o:mrow> <o:mrow> <o:mo>+</o:mo> </o:mrow> </o:msup> </o:mrow> </o:msub> <o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo> <o:mn>0</o:mn> <o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo> <o:mo>=</o:mo> <o:mn>1.26</o:mn> </o:mrow> </o:math> and <w:math xmlns:w="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <w:mrow> <w:msub> <w:mrow> <w:mi>D</w:mi> </w:mrow> <w:mrow> <w:mover accent="true"> <w:mrow> <w:mi>s</w:mi> </w:mrow> <w:mrow> <w:mo stretchy="false">¯</w:mo> </w:mrow> </w:mover> <w:mo>/</w:mo> <w:msup> <w:mrow> <w:mi>K</w:mi> </w:mrow> <w:mrow> <w:mo>+</w:mo> </w:mrow> </w:msup> </w:mrow> </w:msub> <w:mo stretchy="false">(</w:mo> <w:mn>0</w:mn> <w:mo stretchy="false">)</w:mo> <w:mo>/</w:mo> <w:msub> <w:mrow> <w:mi>D</w:mi> </w:mrow> <w:mrow> <w:mi>s</w:mi> <w:mo>/</w:mo> <w:msup> <w:mrow> <w:mi>K</w:mi> </w:mrow> <w:mrow> <w:mo>+</w:mo> </w:mrow> </w:msup> </w:mrow> </w:msub> <w:mo stretchy="false">(</w:mo> <w:mn>0</w:mn> <w:mo stretchy="false">)</w:mo> <w:mo>=</w:mo> <w:mn>1.10</w:mn> </w:mrow> </w:math> are reported and compared with results from the recent lattice QCD calculations and other effective models.

Topics & Concepts

Particle physicsPhysicsPartonPionQuarkNuclear physicsParticle physics theoretical and experimental studiesQuantum Chromodynamics and Particle InteractionsHigh-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Generalized parton distributions of the kaon and pion within the nonlocal chiral quark model | Litcius