Cooperative Localization in Transportation 5.0
Letian Gao, Xin Xia, Zhaoliang Zheng, Hao Xiang, Zonglin Meng, Xu Han, Zewei Zhou, Yi He, Yutong Wang, Zhaojian Li, Yubiao Zhang, Jiaqi Ma
Abstract
In the era of future mobility within Transportation 5.0, autonomy and cooperation across all road users and smart infrastructure stand as the key features to enhance transportation safety, efficiency, and sustainability, supported by cooperative perception, decision-making and planning, and control. An accurate and robust localization system plays a vital role in enabling these modules for future mobility and is constrained by environmental uncertainties and sensing limitations. To achieve precise and resilient localization in this new era, this paper introduces emerging technologies including edge computing, hybrid data-driven and physical model approaches, foundation models as well as parallel intelligence, that are beneficial for next-generation localization systems. On top of these key technologies, by integrating real-world testing and digital twin technology, we further put forward a Decentralized Autonomous Service (DAS)-based cooperative localization framework for future mobility systems to enhance the resilience, robustness, and safety of transportation systems.