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Semiclassical states for Choquard type equations with critical growth: critical frequency case <sup>*</sup>

Yanheng Ding, Fashun Gao, Minbo Yang

2020Nonlinearity43 citationsDOI

Abstract

Abstract In this paper we are interested in the existence of semiclassical states for the Choquard type equation <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mfenced close=")" open="("> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>∫</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">d</mml:mi> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mi>g</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>in</mml:mtext> <mml:mspace width="thinmathspace"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> </mml:math> where 0 &lt; μ &lt; N , N ⩾ 3, ɛ is a positive parameter and G is the primitive of g which is of critical growth due to the Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev inequality. The potential function V ( x ) is assumed to be nonnegative with V ( x ) = 0 in some region of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , which means it is of the critical frequency case. Firstly, we study a Choquard equation with double critical exponents and prove the existence and multiplicity of semiclassical states by the mountain-pass lemma and the genus theory. Secondly, we consider a class of critical Choquard equation without lower perturbation, by establishing a global compactness lemma for the nonlocal Choquard equation, we prove the multiplicity of high energy semiclassical states by the Lusternik–Schnirelman theory.

Topics & Concepts

AlgorithmComputer scienceAdvanced Mathematical Physics ProblemsNonlinear Partial Differential EquationsStability and Controllability of Differential Equations
Semiclassical states for Choquard type equations with critical growth: critical frequency case <sup>*</sup> | Litcius