Enhancing waste eggshell-derived CaO catalysts for biodiesel production through synergistic oxide modification: a comprehensive catalytic and kinetic study
Lebohang Macheli, Gerard M. Leteba, Sarah George, Candace Lang, Linda L. Jewell
Abstract
giving the highest operational TOF, indicating improved site accessibility rather than intrinsically faster kinetics. The modified catalysts demonstrated minimal deactivation (<2% loss over four cycles), attributed to oxide-induced stabilization of CaO active sites. This work provides new mechanistic insight into cooperative adsorption and site utilization in waste-derived CaO catalysts, advancing the rational design of durable heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis.
Topics & Concepts
CatalysisBiodiesel productionTransesterificationCalcium oxideBiodieselAdsorptionOxideChemical engineeringYield (engineering)ChemistryWork (physics)Phase (matter)Materials scienceMetalResponse surface methodologyHeterogeneous catalysisEnvironmental remediationSpecific surface areaInorganic chemistryBiofuelMixed oxideIron oxideKinetic energyNanomaterial-based catalystBiodiesel Production and ApplicationsCatalytic Processes in Materials ScienceCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies