Artificial general intelligence in industry 4.0, 5.0, and society 5.0: Applications, opportunities, challenges, and future direction
Jayesh Rane, Ömer Kaya, Suraj Kumar Mallick, Nitin Liladhar Rane
Abstract
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is a giant step ahead of narrow Artificial Intelligence (AI), and in a wonder-form, it can really revolutionize Industry 4.0, 5.0, and Society 5.0. For instance, in Industry 4.0, AGI will permit absolutely autonomous fabrication procedures, optimizing supply chains and personalizing products with efficiency like never before. While bringing about Industry 5.0, the integration of AGI with human intelligence foresees fostering a collaborative, sustainable industrial environment more oriented to human-centric innovation and well-being. Society 5.0 has a vision of harmoniously blending cyberspace and physical space but leaves out the role AGI could play in dealing with the complex societal challenges of healthcare, education, and urban management with its intelligent solution tailoring to the needs of individuals and communities. However, there are big challenges to the use of AGI in these domains, and there are ethical concerns. Key issues to be tackled include risks of autonomy without accountability, possible biases of decision-making, and socio-economic effects from large-scale automation. Above all, safety, transparency, and fairness in using AGI systems are important to avoid undesirable consequences. The ethical concerns of AGI, like privacy issues, possible misuse, and the requirement for solid regulatory frameworks, are getting urgent considering major steps we are taking toward such a highly evolved paradigm in society and industries.