An efficient battery management system for electric vehicles using IoT & Blockchain
K Sujit, Komala Chowdenahally Ramaswamy, Siva Ramkumar M, Jayant Giri, Mohammad Kanan
Abstract
Research and development in the vehicle industry have emphasized the potential for advancing electric transportation that is highly efficient, secure, and sustainable. The electric vehicle (EV), powered by renewable energy sources and equipped with high-efficiency electric motors and controls, offers a practical, dependable, and ecologically friendly urban transportation system. EVs operate using a battery that is equipped onboard. Practical and dependable system operation relies heavily on managing and monitoring batteries. Nevertheless, the market for electric vehicles has experienced a decline in growth due to their limited lifespan and high price. To enhance the system's efficiency and lifespan, substantially improving the battery management aspect is imperative. In this research, the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning (ML), and Blockchain (BC) technologies are used to develop an energy-efficient EV battery management system (BMS). The IoT sensors are attached to the electric vehicles to collect data such as the charging level, the distance that must be driven, and the position of the electric vehicles. This information was saved and processed by a database, then inputted to the LightGBM classifier to determine the cost of charging. After that, it was processed by the power scheduling approach (PSA) to determine the space and time of charging that is closest to a particular electric vehicle and the charging site. At last, this information is saved in blocks to prevent electric vehicles from being misrouted and ensure that pricing transactions between users and charging stations are conducted securely using BC. The results demonstrate that the research model provided enhanced EV-BMS with an accuracy rate of 96.52% and that it retains a communication overhead that is 12% lower compared to the other models.